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Distribution de l'erreur de lissage (en haut, à gauche), du bruit d'estimation (en haut, à droite) et de l'erreur totale (en bas) correspondant à IASI_N 2 O_B1 (traits pleins) et IASING_N 2 O_B1 (tirets) à 303 hPa ,
, Les biais et les écarts-types d'erreur sont cohérents avec la caractérisation des erreurs précédemment effectuée. Les pentes des droites de régression ainsi que les valeurs de corrélation linéaires de Pearson (R) donnent de nouvelles indications sur les estimations. En effet, on observe des corrélations relativement élevées pour IASI-NG_N 2 O_B1 à la fois sur les pixels bruts (R=0.64) et sur les pixels moyennés, COMPARAISON DES ESTIMATIONS À 303 HPA 5.5. COMPARAISON DES ESTIMATIONS À 303 HPA utilisant respectivement les bandes B1 et B2, et les nature-runs (réalités théoriques)
, Par contre, en ce qui concerne IASI_N 2 O_B1, on a des taux de corrélations relativement faible à la fois sur les pixels bruts (R=0.16) et sur les pixels moyennés, qu'avec les estimations moyennées (1.83)
, resp en bas) : nature-run vs IASI_N 2 O_B1 (resp IASI-NG_N 2 O_B1) avec les pixels individuels (à droite) et moyennés sur une grille horizontale de 4 ? × 4 ? de résolution (à gauche), COMPARAISON DES ESTIMATIONS À 303 HPA FIGURE 5.11-En haut
NG_N 2 O_B2, on observe une corrélation linéaire avec le nature-run modérée sur les pixels moyennés (R=0.41) et faible sur les pixels bruts (R=0.25). De plus, IASI_N 2 O_B2 ne commence à être correlé (certes faiblement ,
, NG_N 2 O_B2) avec les pixels individuels (à droite) et moyennés sur une grille horizontale de 4 ? × 4 ? de résolution (à gauche), FIGURE 5.12-En haut (resp en bas) : nature-run vs IASI_N 2 O_B2 (resp IASI
, Conclusions Nous avons dans ce chapitre mis en évidence l'apport théorique de IASI-NG par rapport à
, La fonction de balayage à 635 hPa (verte) correspond au niveau moyen atteint avec IASI-NG dans la bande B1, dans les tropiques, de jour et sur terre. CONCLUSION GÉNÉRALE ET PERSPECTIVES nous avons considéré deux sources d'erreurs sur les estimations : l'erreur de lissage et le bruit d'estimation. IASI-NG_N 2 O_B1 présente une bien meilleure sensibilité à la haute troposphère que IASI_N 2 O_B1. De plus, IASI-NG_N 2 O_B1 permettrait d'exploiter la résolution horizon, FIGURE 5.13-Fonctions de balayage de N 2 O correspondant aux niveaux moyens d'information pour IASI (tirets) et IASI-NG (traits pleins)
, De plus, IASI-NG_N 2 O_B1 présente également une sensibilité à la moyenne troposphère per
, A court terme, il s'agira de produire et d'analyser les champs de N 2 O estimés à partir des observations réelles IASI à l'échelle globale sur tout ou une partie des 10 ans d'observations IASI disponibles. Par ailleurs, ces travaux ouvrent des perspectives concernant, d'une part, les aspects techniques de l'inversion des radiances IASI et, d'autre part, l'exploitation scientifique des estimations de N 2 O. Plusieurs pistes d'amélioration du système d'inversion des radiances IASI pour les estimations des profils de N 2 O peuvent également être explorées. On pourrait notamment introduire des covariances d'erreurs de mesure c'est-à-dire des éléments extra-diagonaux à la matrice de covariance des erreurs de mesure, Ces travaux de thèse ouvrent différentes perspectives à plus ou moins moyen terme
, L'ajout d'éléments extra-diagonaux pourrait permettre de réduire les oscillations au niveau
, Une prise en compte de l'impact du HDO dans la bande B1 pourrait également permettre d'améliorer la qualité des profils estimés N 2 O_B1. Il s'agira soit d'introduire le HDO comme variable prédictrice pour le calcul des coefficients de regression de RTTOV
, Ces estimations pourraient être exploitées dans le cadre de méthodes dites "top-down" d'estimations des émissions de N 2 O
, MIN 2 OS sera proposé à l'Agence Spatiale Européenne (en anglais, European Space Agency-ESA
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Sur les deux graphiques, la droite rouge représente la droite de régression linéaire dont l'équation est écrite en rouge et la droite noire représente la première bissectrice ,
Altitudes des maxima des fonctions de balayage moyens (en bas à gauche) et fonctions de balayage moyens du niveau 303 hPa (en bas à droite) pour IASI_N 2 O_B1 ,
Altitudes des maxima des fonctions de balayage moyens (en bas à gauche) et fonctions de balayage moyens du niveau 303 hPa (en bas à droite) pour IASI_N 2 O_B2 ,
4-A gauche : facteurs de contamination (CF) moyens sur les profils estimés IASI_N 2 O_B1 (traits pleins) et P_IASI_N 2 O_B1 (tirets) des principaux paramètres restitués simultanément : CH 4 (jaune), H 2 O (rose), température (violet) et température de surface (vert). A droite : différences des CF entre P_IASI_N 2 O_B1 et, vol.2, p.1 ,
5-A gauche : facteurs de contamination (CF) moyens sur les profils estimés IASI_N 2 O_B2 (traits pleins) et P_IASI_N 2 O_B2 (tirets) des principaux paramètres restitués simultanément : CH 4 (jaune), H 2 O (rose), température (violet) et température de surface (vert). A droite : différences des CF entre P_IASI_N 2 O_B2 et, vol.2, p.2 ,
6-Distribution de l'erreur de lissage (en haut, à gauche), du bruit d'estimation (en haut, à droite) et de l'erreur totale (en bas) correspondant à IASI_N 2 O_B1 (traits pleins) et P_IASI_N 2 O_B1 (tirets) à 303 hPa ,
, Sur chaque graphique, la droite rouge représente la droite de régression linéaire dont l'équation est écrite en rouge, FIGURE B.8-En haut (resp en bas) : nature-run vs IASI_N 2 O_B1 (resp P_IASI_N 2 O_B1) avec les pixels individuels (à droite) et moyennés sur une grille horizontale de 4 ? × 4 ? de résolution (à gauche)
, Sur chaque graphique, la droite rouge représente la droite de régression linéaire dont l'équation est écrite en rouge, FIGURE B.9-En haut (resp en bas) : nature-run vs IASI_N 2 O_B2 (resp P_IASI_N 2 O_B2) avec les pixels individuels (à droite) et moyennés sur une grille horizontale de 4 ? × 4 ? de résolution (à gauche)