Regulation of perineuronal nets in the adult cortex by the electrical activity of parvalbumin interneurons

Gabrielle Devienne (1) , Sandrine Picaud (1) , Ivan Cohen (1) , Juliette Piquet (1) , Ludovic Tricoire (1) , Damien Testa (2) , Ariel A Di Nardo (2) , Jean Rossier (1) , Bruno Cauli (3, 1) , Bertrand Lambolez (4)

1 NPS - Neuroscience Paris Seine
2 CIRB - Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie
3 NPS-03 - Réseau cortical et couplage neurovasculaire = Cortical Network and Neurovascular
4 NPA - Neurobiologie des processus adaptatifs

Perineuronal net (PNN) accumulation around parvalbumin-expressing (PV) inhibitory interneurons marks the closure of critical periods of high plasticity, whereas PNN removal reinstates juvenile plasticity in the adult cortex. Using targeted chemogenetic in vivo approaches in the adult mouse visual cortex, we found that transient electrical silencing of PV interneurons, directly or through inhibition of local excitatory neurons, induced PNN regression. Conversely, excitation of either neuron types did not reduce the PNN. We also observed that chemogenetically inhibited PV interneurons exhibited reduced PNN compared to their untransduced neighbors, and confirmed that single PV interneurons express multiple genes enabling cell-autonomous control of their own PNN density. Our results indicate that PNNs are dynamically regulated in the adult by PV neurons acting as sensors of their localmicrocircuit activities. PNN regulation provides individual PV neurons with an activitydependent mechanism to control the local remodeling of adult cortical circuits.

Domains: Neuroscience

Gabrielle Devienne, Sandrine Picaud, Ivan Cohen, Juliette Piquet, Ludovic Tricoire, et al.. Regulation of perineuronal nets in the adult cortex by the electrical activity of parvalbumin interneurons. 2019. ⟨hal-03249499v1⟩